Geoengineering Bills by State
| Bill # | Details | Effective | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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2023 Regular Session
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| SB84 | Establishes the Freedom to Farm Act and modifies provisions relating to the Governor's emergency powers and agricultural operations as nuisances | Died in committee | ||
| A sprawling "Freedom to Farm" bill that bans weather modification while simultaneously stripping the governor of emergency food control powers and immunising farmers from nuisance suits and product liability claims. The environmental manipulation ban is almost incidental to the bill's broader agenda of insulating agricultural operations from government oversight. |
Last update Thu 12 Jan 2023 |
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| Note: Remained in Agriculture, Food Production and Outdoor Resources Committee | ||||
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2024 Regular Session
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| SB1318 | Establishes the Freedom to Farm Act and modifies provisions relating to the Governor's emergency powers and agricultural operations as nuisances | Died in committee | ||
| A near-verbatim reintroduction of the previous session's failed "Freedom to Farm Act," now sponsored by Senator Moon instead of Senator Carter, with only the licensing cutoff date updated from 2023 to 2024. The weather modification ban remains buried within a broader agricultural deregulation package. |
Last update Thu 25 Jan 2024 |
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| Note: Remained in Agriculture, Food Production and Outdoor Resources Committee | ||||
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2025 Regular Session
Session Adjourn Thu 15 May 2025
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| HB78 | Grants the air conservation commission the authority to create standards and guidelines | Sine die | ||
| A minimalist atmospheric modification ban that prohibits intentional weather and climate intervention but punts all enforcement details to the Air Conservation Commission through rulemaking - a sharp contrast to Missouri's sprawling "Freedom to Farm Act" attempts that bundle weather modification bans with agricultural deregulation. |
Last update Thu 15 May 2025 |
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| Note: 2025 session adjourned 15th May 2025, remained in Emerging Issues committee | ||||
| SB297 | Establishes the Freedom to Farm Act and modifies provisions relating to the Governor's emergency powers and agricultural operations as nuisances | Sine die | ||
| Senator Moon's third consecutive attempt at the "Freedom to Farm Act," now entering the 103rd General Assembly with only a date change from its two failed predecessors. The persistent reintroduction suggests either strong constituent interest or the sponsor's personal commitment, but the lack of any substantive amendments after two committee deaths raises questions about prospects for breakthrough. |
Last update Thu 13 Feb 2025 |
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| Note: 2025 session adjourned 15th May 2025, remained in Agriculture, Food Production and Outdoor Resources Committee | ||||
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2025 1st Special Session
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| SB15 | Prohibits any form of environmental manipulation | Sine die | ||
| Senator Moon strips the environmental manipulation ban from his repeatedly-failed "Freedom to Farm Act" and reintroduces it as a standalone two-page bill during a special session - identical definitional language, identical civil-only enforcement, but without the agricultural deregulation baggage that may have doomed previous attempts. |
Last update Mon 2 Jun 2025 |
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| Note: Special session adjourned on Wednesday, June 11, 2025. | ||||
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2026 Regular Session
Session Adjourn Fri 15 May 2026
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| HB2388 | Creates the "Clear Skies Act" prohibiting geoengineering, cloud seeding and other atmospheric interventions, and authorizing DNR to investigate violations, and includes penalty provisions | 28 Aug 2026 | Introduced | |
| Missouri's "Clean Skies Act" (HB 2388) bans all geoengineering, weather modification, and cloud seeding activities in the state, imposing felony charges with minimum $100,000 fines and up to two years imprisonment for violations, with each day of continued activity constituting a separate criminal offense. |
Last update Thu 8 Jan 2026 |
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| Status: Awaiting Committee Assignment | ||||
| HB2389 | Makes it unlawful to use weather modifications and authorizes DNR to bring a civil action for violations relating to weather modification | 28 Aug 2026 | Introduced | |
| Missouri House Bill 2389 bans all weather modification activities in the state—including cloud seeding and dispersing atmospheric agents—while allowing citizens to report violations and empowering the Department of Natural Resources to investigate and pursue civil penalties against violators. |
Last update Thu 8 Jan 2026 |
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| Status: Awaiting Committee Assignment | ||||
| SB1368 | Creates provisions relating to weather modification | 28 Aug 2026 | Introduced | |
| Senate Bill 1368 bans weather modification in Missouri with Class E felony penalties and up to $200,000 in civil fines, while requiring monthly airport reporting of weather modification-equipped aircraft starting January 1, 2027, and prohibiting state funding to airports that harbor such aircraft. |
Last update Wed 7 Jan 2026 |
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| Status: Introduced – Pending Assignment | ||||
| SB860 | Creates provisions relating to weather modification | 28 Aug 2026 | Introduced | |
| Senate Bill 860 bans weather modification in Missouri while requiring any entity deploying atmospheric chemicals to disclose contents to state authorities and post a $25 million bond, with violations subject to civil litigation including damages, injunctions, and attorney's fees. |
Last update Thu 8 Jan 2026 |
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| Status: Assigned to Agriculture, Food Production and Outdoor Resources - Next meeting 15th Jan 2026 - No agenda | ||||
| HB2656 | Creates the "Clear Skies Act" prohibiting geoengineering, cloud seeding, and other atmospheric interventions, and authorizing DNR to investigate violations, and includes penalty provisions | 28 Aug 2026 | Introduced | |
| Missouri's Clean Skies Act proposes felony penalties for geoengineering with a citizen reporting system and National Guard enforcement authority, while notably designating artificial intelligence as a criminal entity capable of felony conviction and imprisonment. |
Last update Thu 8 Jan 2026 |
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| Status: Awaiting Committee Assignment | ||||